Characters and Ideals: The Music of Assassin’s Creed Liberation

Photograph of Grammy Award-winning video game composer Winifred Phillips at work in her music production studio.

By Winifred Phillips | Contact | Follow

Welcome!  I’m video game composer Winifred Phillips, and among my credits as a game composer, I was delighted to compose the original soundtrack for the bestselling video game Assassin’s Creed Liberation.  It was the first game from the popular Assassin’s Creed franchise to feature a female assassin.  Creating a musical support for her awesome adventure was an immense privilege for me.  In this series of articles, we’ve been exploring the composition process that I pursued for Assassin’s Creed Liberation, including how I used music to support the narrative by defining locations, reflecting cultural and historical influences, and emphasizing important ideas.  If you’d like to catch up on the previous four articles, you can find them here:

  1. Cultural Fusion: The Music of Assassin’s Creed Liberation
  2. Time and Place: The Music of Assassin’s Creed Liberation
  3. Melodies as Symbols: The Music of Assassin’s Creed Liberation
  4. The Symbolism of Recurrence: The Music of Assassin’s Creed Liberation

Through initial theme and subsequent variation, music can carry ideas forward while keeping those concepts fresh as they undergo repetition.  The theme and variation technique allows us as composers to create structure and unify a musical score, and this effect can operate with multiple themes.  Together, these themes can form a sense of overall identity for a video game.

In the case of Assassin’s Creed Liberation, the theme for the protagonist’s father is a great example.

This illustration depicts the video game character Philippe de Grandpré, father of Aveline de Grandpré, from the bestselling game Assassin's Creed Liberation. As included in the article written by Grammy Award-winning video game composer Winifred Phillips.

Aveline de Grandpré is the central character of Assassin’s Creed Liberation, and her father Philippe is a wealthy Frenchman with a successful shipping business. When we are first introduced to Philippe de Grandpré, he is at the top of his career.  He’s considered to be an expert in his field.  He lives in an impressive mansion in New Orleans, mixing and mingling amongst the most aristocratic members of New Orleans society. With his innate elegance and impeccable manners, Philippe is one of the best examples of the ideal gentleman of his time – always governed by well-tempered sophistication and considered restraint.  He’s a product of the 18th century Age of Enlightenment, and he essentially represents that culture in the game.

The Age of Enlightenment is famous for its celebration of both intellectualism and tolerance.  It’s a philosophy focused on always doing what’s right and just, according to a purely rational point of view. With that in mind, Philippe could be seen as the embodiment of that European idealized society.  That was the way I thought about Philippe’s theme while I was writing it.  In my mind, Philippe’s theme was an expression of Philippe’s personality, but it could also be more generally associated with the privileged society from which he came. The music essentially expresses both Philippe’s character and his ideals.  I composed the first version of the melody for Father’s Theme so that it would adhere to an 18th century Baroque tradition, complete with all the ornamentation you’d expect from that. Let’s listen to that theme in one of the game’s cinemas.

Like the other themes, Father’s Theme appears throughout the game, going through successive variations as it does so. Here’s how it sounds when it appears as the music for a high society party.

In this version, I’ve changed the meter, the tempo and the key, but I’ve still kept it firmly in the Baroque musical style.  Moreover, the melody from Father’s Theme is still easily discernible.  Using Father’s Theme during this lavish party connects that event to the previous dinner table scene – letting us know that we’re still navigating the upper echelons of society.

This isn’t the only other time that we hear Father’s Theme.  It also appears during an important action sequence.  Aveline is protecting her home city of New Orleans against a corrupt Spanish governor, so the concepts of honor and obligation that are a part of Father’s Theme seemed appropriate.  Also, since the action sequence is a carriage chase through the heart of New Orleans, why shouldn’t the theme for such an action sequence be the most aristocratic theme in the game?

When we think of Aveline’s father as a symbol as well as a person, his musical theme becomes useful in ways beyond a simple illustration of his character. The same could be true for any character – but especially for the main character herself.

In the next installment, we’ll be discussing Aveline’s theme, and how her motif was carried into multiple variations throughout the Assassin’s Creed Liberation Score.  I hope you’ve enjoyed this article!  You’ll find further discussion of game music composition in my book, A Composer’s Guide to Game Music.  Thanks for reading!

Image of the book cover for the book A COMPOSER'S GUIDE TO GAME MUSIC, written by game music composer Winifred Phillips and published by The MIT Press.

 


Small photo of Grammy Award-winning video game music composer Winifred Phillips.Winifred Phillips is a video game composer known for her Grammy® Award-Winning original musical score for the video game Wizardry: Proving Grounds of the Mad Overlord (listen to the official soundtrack on Spotify).  Her Wizardry soundtrack has also won a Society of Composers & Lyricists Award.  Phillips is known for composing music for games in many of the most famous and popular franchises in gaming: Assassin’s Creed, God of War, Total War, The Sims, LittleBigPlanet, Lineage, Jurassic World, and Wizardry.  Her music for Sackboy: A Big Adventure garnered a BAFTA Award nomination.  Phillips’ other awards include the D.I.C.E. Award, six Game Audio Network Guild Awards (including Music of the Year), and four Hollywood Music in Media Awards. She is the author of the award-winning bestseller A COMPOSER’S GUIDE TO GAME MUSIC, published by the MIT Press. An interview with her has been published as a part of the Routledge text, Women’s Music for the Screen: Diverse Narratives in Sound, which collects the viewpoints of the most esteemed female composers in film, television, and games.  Follow her on Bluesky, Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram.

The Symbolism of Recurrence: The Music of Assassin’s Creed Liberation

This photo includes Grammy Award-winning video game music composer Winifred Phillips in her music production studio.

By Winifred Phillips | Contact | Follow

Hey everybody!  I’m videogame composer Winifred Phillips, and in the course of my career I’ve had the pleasure and privilege of composing music for many famous and celebrated game franchises.  In this article series, I’ve been sharing my creative process in the music composition for the original soundtrack of the bestselling video game Assassin’s Creed Liberation.  In part one, we pondered how cultural influences within a game’s narrative can inform our work as game composers.  In part two we expanded that discussion to embrace emotionally-evocative locations, rich with history and ambience.  In part three, we began thinking about the role of music as a language of symbology, with melodies representing concepts and ideas that are important to the story.  If you’d like to catch up on the previous three articles, you can find them here:

  1. Cultural Fusion: The Music of Assassin’s Creed Liberation
  2. Time and Place: The Music of Assassin’s Creed Liberation
  3. Melodies as Symbols: The Music of Assassin’s Creed Liberation

A symbolic melody in a musical composition is often called a leitmotif.  In this article, we’ll be exploring this idea further in the context of the music I composed for Assassin’s Creed Liberation, an awesome video game from the ever-popular Assassin’s Creed franchise.

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Melodies as Symbols: The Music of Assassin’s Creed Liberation

Photo showing Grammy Award-winning video game composer Winifred Phillips at work in her studio at Generations Productions. As included in the article about the music Phillips composed for the bestselling video game Assassin's Creed Liberation.

By Winifred Phillips | Contact | Follow

Hello there!  I’m Winifred Phillips. As a part of my career in video game music composition, I was honored to compose the original soundtrack for the bestselling video game Assassin’s Creed Liberation.  In this article series, I’ve been talking with you about the music I composed for that awesome game.  This is the third installment in this article series.  In part one, we discussed the unique cultural heritage of the game’s protagonist.  In part two, we considered how music can bring in-game locations to life, infusing them with a sense of history and meaning.  If you’d like to catch up on the previous two articles, you can find them here:

  1. Cultural Fusion: The Music of Assassin’s Creed Liberation
  2. Time and Place: The Music of Assassin’s Creed Liberation

Before we proceed now, I’d like to digress from the topic a moment to talk about video game music in live concert.

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Time and Place: The Music of Assassin’s Creed Liberation

Photo of Grammy Award-winning composer Winifred Phillips. This photo was taken in Phillips' music production studio, and was included in the article discussing the music of one of her projects (Assassin's Creed Liberation).

By Winifred Phillips | Contact | Follow

Hey, everyone!  I’m Winifred Phillips, and one of my most memorable projects as a video game composer was the original soundtrack for the video game Assassin’s Creed Liberation.  In this article series, I’m sharing my creative process for the music composition of this bestselling entry in the awesome Assassin’s Creed franchise.

This is the second installment in this article series.  In part one, we discussed the unique cultural heritage of the game’s protagonist.  As the daughter of an African slave and a French aristocrat, Aveline de Grandpré lived her life balanced between two culturally rich and highly-divergent legacies.  On the one hand, she enjoyed a life of wealth and privilege at the very top levels of society.

Image depicting the protagonist of the video game Assassin's Creed Liberation. This image is included in the article by Grammy Award-winning game composer Winifred Phillips, in which she discusses her musical score for the bestselling video game Assassin's Creed Liberation.

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Cultural Fusion: The Music of Assassin’s Creed Liberation

Photo of Grammy Award-winning video game composer Winifred Phillips in her music studio at Generations Productions. Phillips is the composer of the award-winning musical score for the video game Assassin's Creed Liberation.

By Winifred Phillips | Contact | Follow

Glad you’re here!  I’m Winifred Phillips. I’m the author of the book “A Composer’s Guide to Game Music” from the MIT Press, and I’m also the composer of the original soundtrack for the video game Assassin’s Creed Liberation.  The Assassin’s Creed Liberation game was the ninth game in the incredibly popular Assassin’s Creed series, released between Assassin’s Creed III and Assassin’s Creed Black Flag.  As a smash-hit bestseller that continued the top-selling franchise, the Assassin’s Creed Liberation game won the Writers Guild Award for its outstanding script by Jill Murray and Richard Farrese!  The game also won multiple awards for the music I composed, including a Hollywood Music in Media Award, a Game Audio Network Guild Award, a Global Music Award, and a GameFocus Award.  In this article series, I’d like to talk with you about my musical score for the Assassin’s Creed Liberation game.

The Assassin’s Creed Liberation project was an enormous undertaking, and I’m tremendously gratified that my music was well received!  However, what I wanted most as a game composer was for the members of the development team to find my work inspiring.  I’m inspired every day by what expert development teams do!  I’m inspired by their art, scripts, characters, and most of all, gameplay.  All that inspiration helps me to compose music that will hopefully support the vision of the team.

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Game Changers: Video Game Grammy Nominees

Photo depicting Grammy Award-winning video game composer Winifred Phillips in her music production studio. As the current Grammy Award winner in the video game category, Winifred Phillips will serve as the moderator of the upcoming GAME CHANGERS seminar, hosted by the Society of Composers & Lyricists.

By Winifred Phillips | Contact | Follow

Hi!  I’m videogame composer Winifred Phillips, and in February of this year I was thrilled to win the GRAMMY® Award for my musical score for Wizardry: Proving Grounds of the Mad Overlord!  My Wizardry score won in the category of Best Score Soundtrack for Video Games and Other Interactive Media.  Every year, the Society of Composers & Lyricists (in collaboration with Electronic Arts and White Bear PR) organizes an online seminar entitled GAME CHANGERS.  The seminar features all of the nominees in the video game category of the Grammys that year. Discussions during the seminar range from expert analysis of composition best-practices, to sources of inspiration that fuel the creation of the Grammy nominated scores.  I remember participating in the GAME CHANGERS seminar as a nominee for Wizardry.  It was one of the most awesome online seminars I’ve ever participated in, and I was really honored to be a part of it!

Grammy Award-winning video game composer Winifred Phillips, here shown in her official Grammy Award portrait. Winifred Phillips won the Grammy Award in February of 2025 for her soundtrack album to the video game Wizardry: Proving Grounds of the Mad Overlord.Now, I’m thrilled to share that as the current Grammy winner in the video game category, I have been invited this year to serve as the official moderator for the seminar!  On December 16th, I’ll be interviewing all of the nominees for next year’s Grammy Awards, and I’m really looking forward to exploring their creative process in composing their Grammy-nominated video game scores.  It should be tremendously inspiring!  Only current members of the Society of Composers & Lyricists can attend this popular online seminar (more info here).  However, everyone can enjoy the Grammy-nominated scores composed by these celebrated video game composers!  With that in mind, I’m happy to share their work in this article.  I hope our readers will be inspired by the creativity and skill on display in these nominated soundtrack albums!

If you are a current voting member of the Recording Academy, you’ll find the following details helpful as you decide how you’ll vote in the video game category.  And if you’re not yet a member… why not consider joining the Recording Academy?  Any Recording Academy member can submit their soundtrack releases for Grammy Awards consideration.  Let’s get the video game composer community involved!  After all, the Grammys are famous for being ‘Music’s Biggest Night,’ so the video game music community should be a big part of it!  More information about joining the Recording Academy can be found here.

So now let’s explore these currently nominated soundtrack albums for the Grammy Awards!  I’ve listed them alphabetically by game title.  For each nominated score, I’ve provided a biography of the composer at the top, followed by a Spotify playlist of their nominated soundtrack, and a no-commentary gameplay video demonstrating the game for which the music was composed.  Enjoy!!

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BBC Sound of Gaming Interview: Winifred Phillips Discusses Game Music Composition

Winifred Phillips, pictured in her recording studio at Generations Productions during an interview with the Sound of Gaming radio show on BBC Radio 3.

By Winifred Phillips | Contact | Follow

Delighted you’re here!  I’m video game composer Winifred Phillips, and earlier this month, I was honored to be interviewed for the BBC Radio 3 program Sound of Gaming, hosted by Louise Blain.  BBC Radio 3 specializes in classical music, which means that the Sound of Gaming program is especially unique among that network’s program line-up.  Focusing on exceptional musical compositions from the awesome world of video games, the Sound of Gaming show has been airing regularly since 2019, bringing classical music listeners into a whole new world of musical expression.

Photo of journalist Louise Blain, host of the radio show Sound of Gaming on BBC Radio 3, as included in the article by award-winning video game music composer Winifred Phillips.

The show’s host Louise Blain is a top video game journalist, and the co-author of the popular book Guinness World Records 2014 Gamer’s Edition.  In addition, she co-hosted the BBC Proms 2022 concert “Gaming Music at the Proms” from the famous Royal Albert Hall in London.  In each of her Sound of Gaming programs, she also includes an interview segment called “The Cutscene,” during which she interviews a game music composer whose work fits into the overall theme of the program.  Whether it’s a composer for moody stealth missions, or one who specializes in light-hearted mishaps, the conversation throws light on the musical style that’s explored in the rest of the program.  In the June 3 2023 episode, the theme was “The Extraordinary,” and focused on games that ignite the fires of the imagination.  During my interview for this program, I was delighted to discuss my music for three of my video game projects: Assassin’s Creed Liberation, Sackboy: A Big Adventure, and Jurassic World Primal Ops.

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Super Mario Bros. video game theme song honored by Library of Congress (NPR Interview)

Video game composer Winifred Phillips records vocals for her Super Mario Bros. theme song cover recording, "Go Mario! (Super Mario Bros)". Phillips is a BAFTA-nominated video game composer whose credits include titles in six of the biggest franchises in gaming: Assassin's Creed, God of War, LittleBigPlanet, Lineage, Total War, and The Sims.

By Winifred Phillips | Contact | Follow

So happy you’ve joined us!  Each year, the Library of Congress adds a list of top recordings to its National Recording Registry, and The Sounds Of America radio series devotes an episode to each of the recordings selected for preservation that year.  Recently I was interviewed for an episode of The Sounds Of America radio series on National Public Radio, in order to provide some background and musical context to one of the latest additions to the National Recording Registry – the famous theme to the Super Mario Bros. video game!  This is awesome news for game composers and game music fans.  The Super Mario Bros. theme music is now the first game music composition preserved for posterity in the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress.  Each year, the National Recording Registry selects twenty five recordings that represent “the richness of the nation’s audio legacy.”  The expert preservationists at the National Recording Registry works to ensure “the long-term preservation of that legacy for future generations.”

As the author of the book A Composer’s Guide to Game Music, I was able to discuss the historical significance of the Super Mario Bros. theme music as a seminal work in the field of game music composition.  I had previously given a lecture at the Library of Congress about the nature of video game music (that lecture is recorded and preserved in the Library’s Films & Videos Collection) and this experience gave me further insight to the importance of the preservation efforts undertaken by the Library of Congress.  I could also discuss the Super Mario Bros. theme music from the perspective of a musician who had recorded one of the many cover versions of this world-famous tune.  I recorded my version for the tribute album, “Best of the Best: A Tribute to Game Music.”  All of this gave me a unique perspective on this historically-significant musical composition, and I was honored to discuss it during the interview with The Sounds Of America radio show.  In addition to my own interview, the show includes interviews with author Jeff Ryan (How Nintendo Conquered America), Super Mario Bros. actor Charles Martinet, and the Super Mario Bros. composer himself, Koji Kondo!  You can listen to the entire show here:

 

I thought it might be useful to include the transcript of my entire interview in this article.  The transcript also includes my own cover version of the track (which you’ll find in the section discussing the popularity of cover versions).  But first, let’s listen to the original Super Mario Bros. Theme, and then dive into the transcript!

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The Music of Jurassic World Primal Ops – Techniques for Game Composers

Video game composer Winifred Phillips is photographed on the red carpet of the 2023 Society of Composers & Lyricists Awards. Phillips was nominated for Outstanding Original Score for Interactive Media for the music she composed for Jurassic World Primal Ops.

By Winifred Phillips | Contact | Follow

So happy you’ve joined us!  I’m video game composer Winifred Phillips, and one of my latest projects is the musical score for the video game Jurassic World Primal Ops (listen to the score here).  Over the past few months, I’ve been tremendously honored that my score for this game has garnered several award nominations, including Outstanding Original Score for Interactive Media from the Society of Composers & Lyricists, and Music of the Year from the Game Audio Network Guild.  As a result, I’ve been asked numerous questions about how this score was created.  With this in mind, I thought it might be helpful to write a brief article that includes a few of the guiding principles that shaped my work on this project.

I’ll be giving a lecture during the Game Developers Conference in San Francisco about my creative process, and I’ll be including some fine detail about how I planned and constructed this music.  In this article, I’ll be focusing on a couple of broader concepts related to the role that music played in this project.  But first, let’s briefly discuss the game itself.

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The Big Index 2023: Articles for Game Music Composers

 

Video game composer Winifred Phillips was nominated for a 2023 Society of Composers & Lyricists Award for her music for the video game Jurassic World Primal Ops.

By Winifred Phillips | Contact | Follow

Welcome!  I’m game music composer Winifred Phillips, and just before the holidays I was ecstatic to learn that my music for the Jurassic World Primal Ops video game was nominated for a Society of Composers & Lyricists Award!  In all the excitement following the announcement of the SCL Awards nominees, many budding game composers reached out to me for advice regarding their own career trajectories.  I found myself referring many of them to articles I’ve written in this space over the years – articles covering the widely diverse topics that interest us as game composers.

Since 2014, this series of articles has explored the evolving state of our industry and the tools and techniques that can help us make great game music.  Over time, these articles have become a fairly deep repository of information. After referring so many budding composers to articles in this lengthy series, it has occurred to me that this sizable collection has become quite difficult to navigate – partially due to the many topics that have been explored over the years.

Discussions have included many of the creative challenges that make our profession unique.  Through an examination of the structure of interactive music systems, numerous dynamic composition techniques have been investigated.  Along the way, we’ve pondered how game music composition has been accomplished in the past, and where it might be going in the future.  A profusion of resources have been collated in these articles – including the best methods to find gigs, and awesome networking opportunities that can benefit a game composer’s career.  There have also been examinations of resources that can keep us inspired and creatively energized.

Together, these articles constitute a living document about game music composition.  However, they definitely need an index at this point.  With that in mind, I’m offering this ‘big index’ of articles I’ve shared over the years, organized by subject matter.  We can navigate around this index using the following menu:

Dynamic Music in Games | Game Music Business | Game Music And Cognition | Game Music Composition and Production | Game Music Events and Interviews | Game Music in Virtual Reality

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